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Rabu, 07 September 2011

Arduino 4wd robot with ping sensor "J-Bot"

#include <AFMotor.h> // Enables the Motor library Make sure the Adafruit motor control library is in its proper folder.
#include <Servo.h> // Enables the Servo library


Servo PingServo;
AF_DCMotor motor1(1); // Motor 1 is connected to the port 1 on the motor shield
AF_DCMotor motor2(2); // Motor 2 is connected to the port 2 on the motor shield
int minSafeDist = 11 ; // Minimum distance for ping sensor to know when to turn
int pingPin = A0; // Ping sensor is connected to port A0
int centerDist, leftDist, rightDist, backDist; // Define variables center, left, right and back distance
long duration, inches, cm; // Define variables for Ping sensor


void setup() {
PingServo.attach(10); // Servo is attached to pin 10 in the motor shield
PingServo.write(90); // Center the Ping sensor (puts it at 90 degrees)
motor1.setSpeed(215); // Sets the speed of the first motor (At 0, the motors are turned off. 255 is the fastest setting that you are able to use, I used 215 to not push the motors too hard.)
motor2.setSpeed(215); // Sets the speed of the second motor (At 0, the motors are turned off. 255 is the fastest setting that you are able to use, I used 215 to not push the motors too hard.)

Serial.begin(9600); // Enables Serial monitor for debugging purposes
Serial.println("Serial test!"); // Test the Serial communication

}

void AllStop() {
motor1.run(RELEASE); // Turns off motor 1
motor2.run(RELEASE); // Turns off motor 2
}
void AllForward() { // Makes the robot go forward
motor1.run(FORWARD); // Motor 1 goes forward
motor2.run(FORWARD); // Motor 2 goes forward
Serial.println("Going forward"); // Prints a line in the serial monitor
}
void turnRight() { // Makes the robot go right
motor2.run(BACKWARD); // Turns off motor 2
motor1.run(FORWARD); // Motor 1 goes forward
delay(1600); // Time required to turn right (1.6 seconds)
Serial.println("Motors going Right"); // Prints a line in the serial monitor
}
void GoBack(){ // Makes the robot go back
motor2.run(BACKWARD); // Motor 2 goes back
motor1.run(BACKWARD); // Motor 1 goes back
delay(1600); // Time Required to go back (1.6 seconds)
Serial.println("Backward"); // Prints a line in the serial monitor
}
void turnLeft() { // Makes the robot go Left
motor2.run(FORWARD); // Motor 2 goes forward
motor1.run(BACKWARD); // turns off motor 1
delay(1600); //Time Required to turn left (1.6)Seconds
Serial.println("Motors going Left");// Prints a line in the serial monitor
}

// Starts the loop to decide what to do
void loop()
{
LookAhead();
Serial.print(inches);
Serial.println(" inches"); // Prints a line in the serial monitor
if(inches >= minSafeDist) /* If the inches in front of an object is greater than or equal to the minimum safe distance (11 inches), react*/
{
AllForward(); // All wheels forward
delay(110); // Wait 0.11 seconds
}else // If not:

{
AllStop(); // Stop all motors
LookAround(); // Check your surroundings for best route
if(rightDist > leftDist) // If the right distance is greater than the left distance , turn right
{
turnRight();
}else if (leftDist > rightDist) // If the left distance is greater than the right distance , turn left
{
turnLeft();
}else if (leftDist&&rightDist<minSafeDist) // If the left and right distance is smaller than the min safe distance (11 inch) go back
{
GoBack();
}
}
}

unsigned long ping() {
pinMode(pingPin, OUTPUT); // Make the Pingpin to output
digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW); //Send a low pulse
delayMicroseconds(2); // wait for two microseconds
digitalWrite(pingPin, HIGH); // Send a high pulse
delayMicroseconds(5); // wait for 5 micro seconds
digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW); // send a low pulse
pinMode(pingPin,INPUT); // switch the Pingpin to input
duration = pulseIn(pingPin, HIGH); //listen for echo

/*Convert micro seconds to Inches
-------------------------------------*/

inches = microsecondsToInches(duration);
cm = microsecondsToCentimeters(duration);
}

long microsecondsToInches(long microseconds) // converts time to a distance
{
return microseconds / 74 / 2;
}
long microsecondsToCentimeters(long microseconds) // converts time to a distance
{
return microseconds / 29 / 2;
}

void LookAhead() {
PingServo.write(90);// angle to look forward
delay(175); // wait 0.175 seconds
ping();
}

void LookAround(){
PingServo.write(180); // 180° angle
delay(320); // wait 0.32 seconds
ping();
rightDist = inches; //get the right distance
PingServo.write(0); // look to the other side
delay(620); // wait 0.62 seconds
ping();
leftDist = inches; // get the left distance
PingServo.write(90); // 90° angle
delay(275); // wait 0.275 seconds

// Prints a line in the serial monitor
Serial.print("RightDist: ");
Serial.println(rightDist);
Serial.print("LeftDist: ");
Serial.println(leftDist);
Serial.print("CenterDist: ");
Serial.println(centerDist);
}

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